Pipe

Pipe cross-section example with straight and arc baselines.

Overview

Figure 21 Cross section of the pipe [YU2005].

This example has the cross-section as shown in Figure 21 [YU2005]. This cross-section has two straight walls and two half circular walls. \(r=1.0\) in. and other dimensions are shown in the figure. Each wall has the layup having two layers made from one material. Fiber orientations for each layer are also given in the figure. Material properties and layups are given in Material properties and Layups.

Table 16 Material properties

Name	Density	\(E_{1}\)	\(E_{2}\)	\(E_{3}\)	\(G_{12}\)	\(G_{13}\)	\(G_{23}\)	\(\nu_{12}\)	\(\nu_{13}\)	\(\nu_{23}\)
	\(\mathrm{lb\cdot sec^2/in^4}\)	\(10^6\ \mathrm{psi}\)	\(10^6\ \mathrm{psi}\)	\(10^6\ \mathrm{psi}\)	\(10^6\ \mathrm{psi}\)	\(10^6\ \mathrm{psi}\)	\(10^6\ \mathrm{psi}\)
mat_1	0.057	20.59	1.42	1.42	0.87	0.87	0.87	0.42	0.42	0.42

Table 17 Layups

Name	Layer	Material	Ply thickness	Orientation	Number of plies
			\(\mathrm{in}\)	\(\circ\)
layup_1	1	mat_1	0.1	0	1
	2	mat_1	0.1	90	1
layup_2	1	mat_1	0.1	-45	1
	2	mat_1	0.1	45	1

Figure 22 Base points and Base lines of the pipe cross section.

Figure 23 Segments of the pipe cross section.

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Input

• pipe.xml

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Run the example

prevabs -i pipe.xml --hm

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Output

Figure 24 Cross section viewed in gmsh.

• pipe.png

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Analysis Result

Table 18 Results

Component	Value	Reference [YU2005]
\(S_{11}\) [\(\mathrm{lb}\)]	\(\phantom{-}1.03892 \times 10^7\)	\(\phantom{-}1.03890 \times 10^7\)
\(S_{22}\) [\(\mathrm{lb}\)]	\(\phantom{-}7.85800 \times 10^5\)	\(\phantom{-}7.84299 \times 10^5\)
\(S_{33}\) [\(\mathrm{lb}\)]	\(\phantom{-}3.31330 \times 10^5\)	\(\phantom{-}3.29002 \times 10^5\)
\(S_{14}\) [\(\mathrm{lb \cdot in}\)]	\(\phantom{-}9.74568 \times 10^4\)	\(\phantom{-}9.82878 \times 10^4\)
\(S_{25}\) [\(\mathrm{lb \cdot in}\)]	\(-8.02785 \times 10^3\)	\(-8.18782 \times 10^3\)
\(S_{36}\) [\(\mathrm{lb \cdot in}\)]	\(-5.14533 \times 10^4\)	\(-5.18541 \times 10^4\)
\(S_{44}\) [\(\mathrm{lb \cdot in^2}\)]	\(\phantom{-}6.89600 \times 10^5\)	\(\phantom{-}6.86973 \times 10^5\)
\(S_{55}\) [\(\mathrm{lb \cdot in^2}\)]	\(\phantom{-}1.88230 \times 10^6\)	\(\phantom{-}1.88236 \times 10^6\)
\(S_{66}\) [\(\mathrm{lb \cdot in^2}\)]	\(\phantom{-}5.38985 \times 10^6\)	\(\phantom{-}5.38972 \times 10^6\)